Making Complaints about behaviour

Making Complaints about behaviour


:There are a number of formulas used when complaining in English


هناك العديد من العبارات نستعملها لنشتكي من سلوك أحد أو الرد على الشكوى



التشكي من سلوكأحد


· I'm sorry to have to say this but...


· I'm sorry to bother you, but...


· Maybe you forgot to...


· I hate to mention this but …


· Would you please stop …


الرد على الشكوى


· I'm very sorry .


· I’m terribly sorry


· I’m awfully sorry


· I see no reason why I should do/stop……



:Examples


أمثلة


- Complaint: I am sorry to have to say that but you are making too much noise in the room


- Response: I’ m terribly sorry


- Complaint: I hate to mention this but you are always late for work


- Response: I see no reason why I should come early while all the clerks come late, too.



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درسLetter of complaint :writing


رسالة تشكي حول شيء اشتريته ووجدتبه خلل


Dear Sir or Madam,


On 23 d of April this year I bought an HP pentuim4 com****r with the serial 410 workstation at your com****r store


Unfortunately, your com****r has not performed well because it keeps shutting itself down and the keyboard remains inactive. I am disappointed because the product does not work properly


To resolve the problem, I would appreciate that you send someone to help repair the above mentioned com****r or else be sent my money back. Enclosed are copies of the guarantee, as well as the com****r bill price


I look forward to your reply and a resolution to my problem, and will wait until the end of this week before seeking help from a consumer protection agency or the Better Business Bureau. Please contact me at the above address or by phone at home


Sincerely,


Your name

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درس الصفحة 56




Modals: Expressing degrees of certainty


الأفعال المساعدة للتعبير عن درجة اليقينية/ التأكد




"Degree of certainty" refers to how sure we are-what we think the chances are-that something is true. If we are sure that something is true in the present, we do not need to use a modal. For example, if I say, "Martha is sick," I am sure; I am stating a fact that I am sure. My degree of certainty here is 100%. If I am asked "Why isn't Martha in class?" and I am not sure of the reason, I can respond in the following ways:


للتعبير عن مدى أو درجة التأكد أو اليقينية في فعل شيء ما نستعمل عدة عبارات مع أفعال مساعدة. و فيما يلي أمثلة على ذلك




1She must be sick.


Here, I am 95% sure that she is (not 100%)


تفيد التأكد بنسبة 95 في المئة Must



2She may be sick.


Here, I am 50% sure that she is


تفيد التأكد بنسبة 50 في المئة May



3She might be sick.


Here, I am less than 50% sure that she is


تفيد التأكد بنسبة أقل من 50 في المئة Might



4She could be sick.


Here, I am stating a mere guess. This is a very weak degree of certainty


أنا فقط أقدم افتراض أي أن درجة التأكد ضعيفة Could


The Negative


أسلوب النفي



Forming such sentences in the negative can be confusing. Read these sentences



Maria is not hungry.


I am 100% sure that she is not hungry.


كما في المثال فأنا متأكد مئة في المئة Verb to be عندما أستعمل



I don't know why Maria is not eating with us. She may


not (or might not) be hungry.


I am 50% or less certain that she is not hungry.


May not/ might not تفيد التأكد بنسبة 50 بالمئة



Maria cannot be hungry. She has just had diner.


Here, I believe that there is no possibility that Maria is hungry, but I am not 100% sure.


أعبر عن انعدام الإمكانية Can not هنا مع



Maria is not eating. She must not be hungry.


Here, I am expressing a logical conclusion, a best guess.


أعبر عن استنتاج منطقي ومعقول Must not هنا مع




إذا أردنا التعبير عن درجة من التأكد في الماضي يجب استعمال الصيغ التالية


Modal verb + have + past participle


Examples


Maria didn’t attend the meeting. She must have been sick



لا حظ عندما أغير الجملة للمضارع the present


Maria doesn’t attend the meeting. She must be sick


أي أننا نستعمل فقط الفعل المساعد المناسب






Could in the past


Could ماضي



Could is used to express ability in the past. Here it is


لتعبير عن القدرة على القيام بشيء في الماضي Could تستعمل


For example: My girlfriend could lift the desk, but I could not.


--- This means that my girlfriend was able to lift the desk, but I was unable to.



I could play football when I was a kid.



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Phrasal verbs


الأفعال العبارية


صفحة 56


Phrasal verbs أو الأفعال العبارية هي الأفعال التي تتكون من فعل + حرف جر

مثل Go up , Get along, keep on

اليوم سنرى بعض الأفعال العبارية المدرجة في الوحدة الثانية من كتاب

IntoEnglishInsights

مع حروف الجر Up, down , along, across, on




Up: for increasing


تفيد الزيادة في الشيء


:Ex


Prices have gone up




Up: for completion


تفيد إنهاء شيئ ما


:Ex


!Drink your milk up




Down: for decreasing


تفيد النقصان


:Ex


Prices have come down




Up and Down: for excitement interest and happiness


يفيداني الإثارة والإهتمام والفرح


:Ex


Calm down


!Cheer up. Life is too short to be so unhappy




Along: for relationships


تفيد العلاقة



:Ex


I get along with my classmates




Across: so as to be understood or learned


تفيد الإيصال والإفهام


Ex:


He couldn’tgetthe ideaacrosstothe students



On: for progress


تفيد الصيرورة والإستمرار


:Ex


The work is good. Just keep on